組態軟件在恒壓供水控制系統中的應用

1 引言(yan)

 　　目前(qian)，中(zhong)、小型(xing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)廠的(de)(de)(de)供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)統基本上采用(yong)(yong)老式的(de)(de)(de)手動(dong)式恒壓供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)控制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統。從水(shui)(shui)(shui)源井(jing)(jing)過(guo)來的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)通(tong)過(guo)離心泵輸往用(yong)(yong)戶，而目前(qian)不少供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)廠的(de)(de)(de)現狀是加壓泵供(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)統中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)清水(shui)(shui)(shui)池離水(shui)(shui)(shui)源井(jing)(jing)較(jiao)遠，水(shui)(shui)(shui)池的(de)(de)(de)液位高低(di)和離心泵系(xi)(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)設計以(yi)及如何與抽水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)潛水(shui)(shui)(shui)泵“聯動(dong)”是較(jiao)難(nan)(nan)解決的(de)(de)(de)，同(tong)時用(yong)(yong)戶用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量的(de)(de)(de)不確定(ding)性，難(nan)(nan)以(yi)利用(yong)(yong)準確的(de)(de)(de)解析式數學模(mo)型(xing)進(jin)行閉環(huan)控制(zhi)。

 　　基于上述情況，本(ben)文(wen)主要針對在中、小型(xing)水(shui)(shui)廠供水(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統，提出(chu)了采用(yong)IPC+PLC作(zuo)為中心控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)單元，與(yu)變頻(pin)器、軟啟動器、水(shui)(shui)泵電(dian)機及控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)路(lu)相(xiang)結(jie)合構成閉環壓(ya)(ya)力調節(jie)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統，通過三維力控(kong)組態(tai)(tai)軟件對其進行優化控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)自動恒壓(ya)(ya)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)供水(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統的組態(tai)(tai)，根據系(xi)(xi)(xi)統狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)可快速調整(zheng)供水(shui)(shui)量，使系(xi)(xi)(xi)統具(ju)有節(jie)能、工作(zuo)可靠、自動控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)程度高、經濟易配置等(deng)優點。同時通過無線局域網技術較經濟的實現(xian)了加壓(ya)(ya)泵系(xi)(xi)(xi)統與(yu)抽(chou)水(shui)(shui)泵系(xi)(xi)(xi)統“遠(yuan)程聯動”的控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)目的。 

2 組態軟件(jian)

 　　組(zu)態(tai)軟件是(shi)實(shi)現(xian)現(xian)場數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)采集(ji)與過(guo)程控制的專(zhuan)用軟件，其突出(chu)特點是(shi)實(shi)時多(duo)任務(wu)(wu),可(ke)以實(shi)現(xian)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)采集(ji)與輸出(chu)、數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)處理、圖形顯示(shi)及人機對話(hua)、實(shi)時數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)的存儲、檢索管(guan)理、實(shi)時通信(xin)等多(duo)個任務(wu)(wu)在(zai)同(tong)一臺計算機上運行。

 　　組態軟件可以(yi)不修改軟件程序的(de)(de)源代(dai)碼就能生(sheng)成(cheng)適(shi)合(he)自己需(xu)要的(de)(de)應用(yong)系(xi)(xi)統。在生(sheng)成(cheng)應用(yong)系(xi)(xi)統時只需(xu)填寫(xie)一些事先設(she)計的(de)(de)表(biao)格，再利(li)用(yong)圖形功能把(ba)被控對(dui)象形象地(di)畫(hua)出(chu)來，通過內部數(shu)據連(lian)接把(ba)被控對(dui)象的(de)(de)屬性(xing)與(yu)I/0設(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)實時數(shu)據進行(xing)邏輯(ji)連(lian)接，運行(xing)后，與(yu)被控對(dui)象相連(lian)的(de)(de)I/0設(she)備(bei)數(shu)據發(fa)生(sheng)變(bian)化(hua)會直接帶動被控對(dui)象的(de)(de)屬性(xing)顯示變(bian)化(hua)[1]。

 　　鑒(jian)于組態軟件(jian)面向HMI/SCADA的(de)(de)特點，在上(shang)位機(ji)上(shang)應用組態軟件(jian)來開(kai)發水廠的(de)(de)監控系統，可以大大縮短(duan)開(kai)發周期(qi)，提(ti)高了系統的(de)(de)運行(xing)效(xiao)率(lv)，實現分布式(shi)(shi)檢測、集中式(shi)(shi)管(guan)理的(de)(de)功(gong)能。 

3 恒壓供水系統(tong)的硬(ying)件設計

 　　水(shui)廠的(de)(de)(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)般采(cai)(cai)用上位(wei)(wei)機(ji)與(yu)(yu)下(xia)(xia)位(wei)(wei)機(ji)相(xiang)結合的(de)(de)(de)(de)體系(xi)結構(gou)，體現(xian)了“分(fen)(fen)散控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)、集中管(guan)理(li)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)代控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)思想。水(shui)廠自動(dong)監控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，與(yu)(yu)所(suo)有過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)樣，從硬件上可以分(fen)(fen)為檢測儀表、計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)輸(shu)入輸(shu)出接(jie)(jie)口(kou)、計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)以及控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)執行(xing)機(ji)構(gou)四大部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)。本系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)采(cai)(cai)用現(xian)場操作站和(he)(he)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)站兩級(ji)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)結構(gou)。系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)操作站主要由(you)以下(xia)(xia)幾部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)組成(cheng)(cheng)：上位(wei)(wei)機(ji)（工控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)），PLC，軟啟動(dong)器(qi)(qi)等(deng)。控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)站系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)包括主機(ji)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、通訊系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、I/O接(jie)(jie)口(kou)及變送器(qi)(qi)等(deng)組成(cheng)(cheng)部(bu)(bu)分(fen)(fen)。供水(shui)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)硬件如圖(tu)1所(suo)示[2]。 [align=center] 圖(tu)1 供水(shui)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)硬件[/align] 　　現(xian)場數(shu)據的(de)(de)(de)(de)采(cai)(cai)集由(you)液位(wei)(wei)傳感(gan)器(qi)(qi)、溫(wen)度(du)傳感(gan)器(qi)(qi)、流量傳感(gan)器(qi)(qi)等(deng)現(xian)場智(zhi)能儀表來(lai)實(shi)現(xian)，各模塊與(yu)(yu)模塊之間都是相(xiang)互獨立(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，某一(yi)路(lu)信號(hao)(hao)發生問題不會(hui)影響其它信號(hao)(hao)。系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)采(cai)(cai)用點對(dui)點接(jie)(jie)口(kou)網絡，PLC框(kuang)架采(cai)(cai)用內部(bu)(bu)總線，PLC與(yu)(yu)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)機(ji)之間采(cai)(cai)用RS-485/232通訊接(jie)(jie)口(kou)。現(xian)場儀表層和(he)(he)下(xia)(xia)位(wei)(wei)機(ji)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)站通過(guo)(guo)松下(xia)(xia)PLC、現(xian)場控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)閥門和(he)(he)現(xian)場儀表共同完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)對(dui)現(xian)場數(shu)據的(de)(de)(de)(de)采(cai)(cai)集與(yu)(yu)現(xian)場設備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)。上位(wei)(wei)機(ji)操作站由(you)IPC（工控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)）、三維力控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)組態軟件和(he)(he)后臺數(shu)據庫組成(cheng)(cheng)，完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)整個恒壓供水(shui)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)監控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)[3]。

 　　本(ben)系統具備(bei)同(tong)時控制多(duo)臺水(shui)泵的功能。水(shui)廠自動(dong)監控系統主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)由 控制室與各水(shui)源站分控制室組成。根據(ju)不同(tong)需要(yao)(yao)可以采取多(duo)臺水(shui)泵同(tong)時運行、定時換泵等多(duo)種工作方式(shi)。泵電機采用軟(ruan)啟動(dong)。

 　　 控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)室(shi)有工業控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)計算機(ji)(ji)、變(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)(qi)、軟啟(qi)動(dong)器(qi)(qi)、LED（電(dian)(dian)子顯示屏）及(ji)PLC等現場設備。 控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)室(shi)以四臺額定功(gong)率為(wei)138KW的(de)離心(xin)泵(beng)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)為(wei)例對(dui)外恒壓(ya)供(gong)水，1號(hao)和2號(hao)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)的(de)啟(qi)停由(you)變(bian)頻(pin)調速器(qi)(qi)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)，3、4號(hao)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)的(de)啟(qi)停由(you)軟啟(qi)動(dong)器(qi)(qi)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)。 控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)室(shi)自(zi)動(dong)供(gong)水系統恒壓(ya)供(gong)水控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)信號(hao)由(you)壓(ya)力(li)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)(qi)、液位傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)(qi)、智能電(dian)(dian)量表等現場儀表獲得。智能電(dian)(dian)量表可以顯示線電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、相電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、電(dian)(dian)流(liu)、電(dian)(dian)能等電(dian)(dian)量參(can)數，可直觀地(di)監測到(dao)當前電(dian)(dian)網和電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)運行(xing)的(de)狀況，以保(bao)證能及(ji)時地(di)發(fa)現故(gu)障和預防事故(gu)的(de)發(fa)生。

 　　分(fen)控制(zhi)室主(zhu)要控制(zhi)的是水(shui)源井(jing)的抽水(shui)泵(beng)，每(mei)一個水(shui)源井(jing)有(you)三臺額定功率(lv)為90KW的潛水(shui)泵(beng)電機，其從水(shui)源井(jing)中(zhong)向外抽水(shui)，它們的啟停由(you)軟啟動(dong)器(qi)根據供(gong)水(shui)需求由(you)系統自動(dong)控制(zhi)。

 　　由于監控(kong)系統中的 控(kong)制(zhi)室與水源井控(kong)制(zhi)站距離(li)較遠(yuan)，而兩地(di)之間無高阻礙物，考(kao)慮以(yi)后(hou)的維護方便、經濟，故(gu)采用無線網(wang)橋(qiao)將(jiang)兩站進(jin)行連接，從而實(shi)現(xian)實(shi)時數據共(gong)享。 

4 系統的軟件(jian)實現

 　　在水(shui)廠自動(dong)恒壓供水(shui)系(xi)統(tong)中，控制算法(fa)是(shi)軟件(jian)(jian)(jian)的核(he)心，除此(ci)算法(fa)外還應該有計算機與自動(dong)化儀表連接的硬件(jian)(jian)(jian)接口和(he)方便操作的人機交(jiao)互(hu)界面等(deng)輔(fu)助(zhu)軟件(jian)(jian)(jian)，這些軟件(jian)(jian)(jian)都(dou)是(shi)由一(yi)個組(zu)態(tai)軟件(jian)(jian)(jian)組(zu)態(tai)以后(hou)來協調運行，本系(xi)統(tong)北京三維(wei)力控組(zu)態(tai)軟件(jian)(jian)(jian)。系(xi)統(tong)的管理軟件(jian)(jian)(jian)可(ke)實現(xian)遠程(cheng)遙控分控制室水(shui)源井潛水(shui)泵電機和(he) 控制室清水(shui)池離心泵電機的啟停操作及實時采集各現(xian)場儀表的數據。 　　

4.1、控制(zhi)策略

 　　 控(kong)(kong)制室變(bian)頻(pin)系(xi)統(tong)24小時(shi)內(nei)(nei)交替啟(qi)動(dong)1號(hao)和2號(hao)離(li)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)泵(beng)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)，軟啟(qi)動(dong)系(xi)統(tong)控(kong)(kong)制著3或(huo)4號(hao)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)所(suo)(suo)(suo)變(bian)頻(pin)器根據控(kong)(kong)制量的大(da)小進行恒壓供(gong)水(shui)，而中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)所(suo)(suo)(suo)軟啟(qi)動(dong)器可以(yi)(yi)根據中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)所(suo)(suo)(suo)變(bian)頻(pin)器變(bian)頻(pin)頻(pin)率(lv)與實時(shi)壓力(li)(li)(li)的大(da)小決定是否啟(qi)動(dong)3或(huo)4號(hao)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)。例如(ru)，在某個用(yong)(yong)水(shui)高峰時(shi)段，當中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)所(suo)(suo)(suo)恒壓供(gong)水(shui)壓力(li)(li)(li)和變(bian)頻(pin)頻(pin)率(lv)在一(yi)段時(shi)間(jian)內(nei)(nei)持(chi)續在0.48MPa和44Hz以(yi)(yi)上時(shi)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)所(suo)(suo)(suo)自(zi)動(dong)監控(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)將自(zi)動(dong)啟(qi)動(dong)3或(huo)4號(hao)離(li)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)泵(beng)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)。同理，在用(yong)(yong)水(shui)低谷時(shi)段，當中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)所(suo)(suo)(suo)恒壓供(gong)水(shui)壓力(li)(li)(li)和變(bian)頻(pin)頻(pin)率(lv)在一(yi)段時(shi)間(jian)內(nei)(nei)持(chi)續在0.42MPa和37.5Hz以(yi)(yi)下時(shi)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)所(suo)(suo)(suo)自(zi)動(dong)監控(kong)(kong)系(xi)統(tong)將自(zi)動(dong)關閉(bi)3或(huo)4號(hao)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)，只(zhi)需用(yong)(yong)變(bian)頻(pin)啟(qi)動(dong)一(yi)臺電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)供(gong)水(shui)。其(qi)它情況由中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)所(suo)(suo)(suo)變(bian)頻(pin)系(xi)統(tong)自(zi)動(dong)控(kong)(kong)制電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)的工作(zuo)(zuo)狀況。此(ci)外(wai)，系(xi)統(tong)還(huan)可以(yi)(yi)監控(kong)(kong)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)及閥門的工作(zuo)(zuo)狀態，監測變(bian)頻(pin)頻(pin)率(lv)、出水(shui)壓力(li)(li)(li)、運行時(shi)間(jian)、工作(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)、工作(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)壓、有功(gong)功(gong)率(lv)、耗電(dian)(dian)量、水(shui)泵(beng)閥門開關狀態及出廠水(shui)質指標。

 　　啟(qi)停(ting)3或4號(hao)電(dian)機(ji)可以根據單(dan)個(ge)電(dian)機(ji)在設定時間里的單(dan)耗(hao)確定優(you)先使(shi)用哪(na)臺(tai)電(dian)機(ji)，從而決定電(dian)機(ji)的使(shi)用與檢修，例如：單(dan)耗(hao)=（累(lei)計用電(dian)量×1000）/（累(lei)計揚(yang)(yang)水量×全揚(yang)(yang)程），累(lei)計用電(dian)量和累(lei)計揚(yang)(yang)水量可由(you)現(xian)場儀表讀得(de)，全揚(yang)(yang)程為(wei)一固定值(zhi)。決定開啟(qi)幾號(hao)電(dian)機(ji)該電(dian)機(ji)則在組態(tai)軟件中編程實現(xian)。

 　　分(fen)控制(zhi)室軟啟(qi)動(dong)器可(ke)對水(shui)(shui)源井中的潛水(shui)(shui)泵進行啟(qi)停(ting)控制(zhi)，根據(ju) 控制(zhi)室清水(shui)(shui)池的液位自動(dong)啟(qi)停(ting)分(fen)控制(zhi)室潛水(shui)(shui)泵電機。啟(qi)停(ting)分(fen)控制(zhi)室電機和啟(qi)停(ting)3或4號電機的方式一樣。

4.2、軟件架構

 　　水廠自動監控系統的軟件結(jie)構(gou)如圖5所示。 

1.通訊網絡(luo)管理(li)

 　　通訊網(wang)絡是監控系統中(zhong)連接各(ge)控制單(dan)(dan)元、操作(zuo)單(dan)(dan)元、管理單(dan)(dan)元的(de)命脈。相對(dui)于監控系統的(de)多(duo)級(ji)層次結構，網(wang)絡系統也由多(duo)級(ji)網(wang)絡組成，并具有高可(ke)靠性(xing)，實時性(xing)，靈(ling)活(huo)性(xing)的(de)優點。 　　

2. 實時(shi)數據(ju)庫組建

 　　實時數據(ju)庫通過實時操作系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的設備管理調用，經I/0模塊接(jie)收或發送(song)數據(ju)至工業現場，它保存系(xi)(xi)統(tong)正常運行(xing)所需(xu)的各種信息，并向其它任務模塊提供所需(xu)要的各種數據(ju)。本系(xi)(xi)統(tong)定義了一系(xi)(xi)列數據(ju)用于(yu)反映監測和被控對象的各種屬性，如：溫度(du)、壓力、流(liu)量、電流(liu)及開關(guan)量、需(xu)要的中間變量和間接(jie)變量。 　　

3. 數據I/O接口(kou)

 　　組(zu)態軟件(jian)具有良好的(de)開放性，對(dui)于采用不(bu)同(tong)通(tong)信協議的(de)I/O設(she)備，組(zu)態軟件(jian)提供具有針對(dui)性的(de)I/O驅動(dong)程序，實時數據(ju)庫借助I/O驅動(dong)程序對(dui)I/O設(she)備執行數據(ju)的(de)采集與回送(song)。這些數據(ju)經現(xian)場(chang)變(bian)送(song)器(qi)變(bian)換、傳(chuan)送(song)，再(zai)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)放大、隔離(li)、濾波、A/D轉(zhuan)換等處理(li)，輸(shu)(shu)入到(dao)計算機處理(li)，其控制輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)接口、D/A轉(zhuan)換、驅動(dong)，輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)到(dao)各(ge)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)通(tong)道，到(dao)達工(gong)業現(xian)場(chang)執行。一臺運行實時數據(ju)庫的(de)計算機通(tong)過(guo)(guo)若干(gan)I/O驅動(dong)程序可同(tong)時連接任意多臺I/O設(she)備[4]。

4. 動態(tai)流程(cheng)顯示

 　　本系(xi)統的(de)組態軟件的(de)流程(cheng)畫面技術(shu)支持數值、棒狀(zhuang)圖、調整曲線、趨(qu)勢曲線、歷(li)史(shi)曲線等功能(neng)(neng)(neng)。監控系(xi)統顯(xian)示(shi)功能(neng)(neng)(neng)以(yi)圖形方(fang)式在(zai)顯(xian)示(shi)屏上顯(xian)示(shi)水(shui)廠(chang)供(gong)水(shui)的(de)流程(cheng)，動態顯(xian)示(shi)當前(qian)(qian)的(de)工(gong)(gong)況和運行狀(zhuang)態。相應的(de)參數顯(xian)示(shi)在(zai)對(dui)應的(de)位(wei)置上，使(shi)運行管(guan)理(li)人(ren)員能(neng)(neng)(neng)及(ji)時(shi)了解供(gong)水(shui)系(xi)統的(de)運行情況。 控制室(shi)的(de)LED大屏上顯(xian)示(shi)分控制室(shi)的(de)三相電壓(ya)，運行電機電流，以(yi)及(ji) 控制室(shi)的(de)變頻器(qi)頻率，工(gong)(gong)作壓(ya)力，送水(shui)流量，使(shi)管(guan)理(li)人(ren)員能(neng)(neng)(neng)看到(dao)當前(qian)(qian)的(de)運行情況，增加(jia)了水(shui)廠(chang)運行的(de)可(ke)靠性(xing) 。 　　

5. 趨勢(shi)記錄和(he)歷史(shi)數(shu)據庫

 　　工業(ye)控制(zhi)計算機通過趨勢(shi)記錄和歷史(shi)數據(ju)庫管(guan)理任務(wu)，可以方便地對數據(ju)進(jin)行采(cai)集、存儲和分(fen)析。可以幫助操作人員對系統中的(de)各點進(jin)行橫向(xiang)分(fen)析、比較(jiao)，可以將一段時間的(de)數據(ju)存儲起來，進(jin)行變(bian)化趨勢(shi)分(fen)析，故障(zhang)時可以進(jin)行故障(zhang)跟蹤與故障(zhang)原因分(fen)析。 　　

6. 在線組態

 　　本監(jian)控(kong)系(xi)統成功地實現了在線組態，實時數(shu)據庫生(sheng)(sheng)成、實時趨(qu)勢記錄(lu)生(sheng)(sheng)成、流程動態顯示，控(kong)制系(xi)統可以在不干擾(rao)恒壓供(gong)水正常生(sheng)(sheng)產的情況下，迅(xun)速有效地生(sheng)(sheng)成有關控(kong)制作用(yong)。 　　

7. 動畫連(lian)接

 　　建立(li)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)庫中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)與(yu)圖(tu)形畫面中(zhong)(zhong)圖(tu)形對象的(de)連接(jie)(jie)關系(xi)，使(shi)畫面根據(ju)(ju)實際數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)的(de)變(bian)化來產(chan)生動(dong)畫效果，實時(shi)(shi)顯示水(shui)廠供水(shui)過程中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)清水(shui)池液位、工作(zuo)(zuo)壓力、送水(shui)流量(liang)(liang)等(deng)。動(dong)畫連接(jie)(jie)過程中(zhong)(zhong)還可以使(shi)用腳(jiao)本編(bian)輯器進行編(bian)輯。如無線(xian)網(wang)(wang)橋網(wang)(wang)路中(zhong)(zhong)斷時(shi)(shi)報警信息： 　　IF DP.PV==-9999 THEN 　　FLAG=FLAG+1;/＊FLAG為(wei)一(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)間變(bian)量(liang)(liang)，作(zuo)(zuo)一(yi)計(ji)數(shu)(shu)(shu)器＊/ 　　ELSE FLAG1=0; /＊當網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)(luo)(luo)連接(jie)(jie)正常時(shi)(shi)，中(zhong)(zhong)間變(bian)量(liang)(liang)設置(zhi)為(wei)0即計(ji)數(shu)(shu)(shu)器清零(ling)＊/ 　　ENDIF 　　IF FLAG>=60 THEN 　　MSGBOX（“網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)(luo)(luo)故障(zhang)”）; /＊計(ji)數(shu)(shu)(shu)器連續計(ji)數(shu)(shu)(shu)到60（秒）時(shi)(shi)，顯示屏上(shang)彈出(chu)一(yi)對話框，“網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)(luo)(luo)故障(zhang)” ＊/ 　　BEEP（0）;/＊當網(wang)(wang)絡(luo)(luo)(luo)連接(jie)(jie)在1分鐘內都(dou)為(wei)一(yi)負值（-9999）時(shi)(shi)，計(ji)算(suan)機發出(chu)類型0的(de)報警音＊/ 　　FLAG=0;/＊同時(shi)(shi)把計(ji)數(shu)(shu)(shu)器清零(ling)＊/ 　　ENDIF 

5 結(jie)束語

 　　本(ben)文(wen)介(jie)紹了(le)利用(yong)三(san)維力控組態軟件(jian)在(zai)水廠(chang)自動監(jian)(jian)控系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生產應用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)施。恒(heng)壓供水是水廠(chang)自動監(jian)(jian)控系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一個(ge)重要(yao)環節，電機的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)啟停與啟停電機的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)臺(tai)數將(jiang)直接取決(jue)于實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)壓力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)小，而實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)壓力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)小由用(yong)水量來決(jue)定(ding)。本(ben)文(wen)就(jiu)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)生產運用(yong)中(zhong)遇到的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題根據(ju)生產要(yao)求(qiu)進行了(le)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)設計，解決(jue)了(le)一些實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)問(wen)題。經過(guo)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)運行證明，設計是成功的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)能(neng)有效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)降低資源損耗，能(neng)較好避免系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)受(shou)外界干擾產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數據(ju)突變等(deng)不(bu)穩定(ding)因素而影(ying)響(xiang)生產，增加了(le)水廠(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效益，取得了(le)良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效果。